Ο Νικόλας Νικολαΐδης είναι απόφοιτος της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών και διδάκτωρ της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών.

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Maria Zoi Bourou, Alkis Matsas, Thomas Vrekoussis, Georgios Mastorakos, Georgios Valsamakis and Theodoros Panoskaltsis

Abstract. Endometrial cancer is the fifth most common female cancer worldwide and the third leading female cancer in the Western world. The marked surge in endometrial cancer incidence is alarming. The aim of the present review is to focus on endometrial cancer affecting young women of reproductive age. Surgery, namely abdominal or laparoscopic hysterectomy, with or without salpingo-oopho-rectomy, and sentinel lymph node detection has become the standard surgical strategy for early stage endometrioid endometrial cancer. However, premenopausal women might want to preserve their fertility, especially if they are nulliparous or have not reached their desired number of children at the time of diagnosis. Conservative, uterus-sparing treatment, based on progestin products, may be an advantageous option for patients meeting the necessary criteria. Potential candidates have to be committed to following a rigorous protocol of treatment, investigations and follow-up. The evidence in favor of this approach, although limited, is encouraging and patients who have achieved a histologically documented disease complete remission could attempt to conceive spontaneously or with the immediate use of assisted reproductive technology techniques. The risk of partial or negative response to progestin treatment or cancer recurrence is well documented, thus patients have to be aware of the possible need for interruption of conservative treatment and hysterectomy.

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Xristos Anastasiadis, Alkis Matsas , Theodoros Panoskaltsis, Panagiotis Bakas, Dimitrios T. Papadimitriou and Panagiotis Christopoulos

Abstract: A growing body of evidence suggests that chemicals interfere with the age of onset of menarche. We conducted a review in order to demonstrate the relationship between several categories of chemicals and menarche. We searched for English language papers using the Medline/PubMed database until April 2023. The chemical factors found to affect menarche were prenatal and antenatal smoke, phthalates, phenols, organochlorines, perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls, metals, air pollutants and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Low or high exposure to each chemical compound could affect the age of menarche, leading to early or delayed menarche. Furthermore, the results show that intrauterine exposure may have a different impact from antenatal exposure. There is evidence that endocrine-disrupting chemicals affect the age of menarche, but more research needs to be conducted.

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Η Αριάδνη Μαλαμίτση-Πούχνερ είναι Ομότιμη Καθηγήτρια Παιδιατρικής-Νεογνολογίας.  Ήταν η πρώτη Καθηγήτρια με το γνωστικό αντικείμενο Παιδιατρικής-Νεογνολογίας στο Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ) και Ιδρύτρια-πρώτη Διευθύντρια της μόνης Νεογνολογικής Κλινικής του ΕΚΠΑ στο Αρεταίειο Νοσοκομείο.

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ΟΝΟΜΑΤΕΠΩΝΥΜΟ:                   ΑΦΡΟΔΙΤΗ ΝΟΝΝΗ
ΕΙΔΙΚΟΤΗΤΑ:                                 Παθολογοανατόμος
ΣΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ ΘΕΣΗ:                        Αναπλ. Καθηγήτρια Παθολογικής Ανατομικής, Ιατρικής Σχολής Εθνικού & Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών

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Ο ενδοκρινολόγος Γεώργιος Κανάκης είναι στρατιωτικός ιατρός και διδάκτωρ της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών. Ασκεί τα καθήκοντά του ως Επιμελητής στην Ενδοκρινολογική Κλινική του Ναυτικού Νοσοκομείου Αθηνών και παράλληλα ως επιστημονικός συνεργάτης της Διακλαδικής Μονάδας Ιατρικώς Υποβοηθούμενης Αναπαραγωγής (ΜΙΥΑ) των ενόπλων δυνάμεων.  Έχει μετεκπαιδευθεί στην Ενδοκρινολογία της Αναπαραγωγής και στην υπερηχογραφική απεικόνιση των ενδοκρινών αδένων στο Πανεπιστήμιο La Sapienza της Ρώμης  και στο ΑΠΘ. Είναι Κλινικός Ανδρολόγος πιστοποιημένος από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ακαδημία Ανδρολογίας, ενώ από το 2019 έχει εκλεγεί στη θέση του Αντιπροέδρου της Ελληνικής Ανδρολογικής Εταιρείας.

Professor Jeremy Tomlinson graduated from the University of Oxford Medical School in 1995, having previously completed his undergraduate degree at the University of Cambridge. He embarked upon a career in Diabetes and Endocrinology and secured an MRC Clinical Training Fellowship in 2000 and obtained his PhD from University of Birmingham studying steroid metabolism and human obesity in 2003. Subsequently he obtained fellowships from the Wellcome Trust and most recently an MRC senior clinical fellowship investigating the pathogenesis of human obesity and insulin resistance. He is a Professor of Metabolic Endocrinology and consultant endocrinologist based in the Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford. His research investigates the pathogenesis of human obesity, insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). His work in the NALFD field has explored the use of novel biomarkers to stage disease as well as investigating the therapeutic benefit of agents including GLP1 analogues and defining their mechanism of action. For more than 10 years, he has been part of multidisciplinary metabolic hepatology clinics working alongside hepatologists to treat patients with NAFLD.

Anastasia-Konstantina Sakali, Alexandra Bargiota, Maria Papagianni, Aleksandra Rasic-Markovic & George Mastorakos

Rosario Pivonello, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis (eds)

Abstract

Over the recent years, female fertility problems and number of pregnancies resulting into negative outcomes have been on the rise becoming a matter of particular concern among women of childbearing age. The rise in the above adverse reproductive health outcomes could be partly attributed to the exposure to hazardous factors ubiquitously found in the environment. To investigate this hypothesis, in this chapter, we summarize the current evidence on the impact of environmental factors and endocrine disruptors (EDs) on female fertility (either nonassisted or assisted) and on pregnancy outcomes (ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy losses, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, small and large for gestational age, and birth defects). Because it has been established that environmental factors and EDs are capable to induce epigenetic alterations, special care has been given to the exploration of their transgenerational effects on female fertility and pregnancy outcomes.

Agni Kakouri, Georgia Kanti, Efthymios Kapantais, Alexandros Kokkinos, Leonidas Lanaras, Paul Farajian, Christos Galanakis, Georgios Georgantopoulos, Nikos F. Vlahos, George Mastorakos, Alexandra Bargiota and Georgios Valsamakis

Abstract: The worldwide upward trend in obesity in adults and the increased incidence of overweight children suggests that the future risk of obesity-related illnesses will be increased. The existing anti-obesity drugs act either in the central nervous system (CNS) or in the peripheral tissues, controlling the appetite and metabolism. However, weight regain is a common homeostatic response; current anti-obesity medications show limited effectiveness in achieving long-term weight loss maintenance; in addition to being linked to various side effects. Combined anti-obesity medications (per os or injectable) target more than one of the molecular pathways involved in weight regulation, as well as structures in the CNS. In this systematic review, we conducted a search of PubMed and The ClinicalTrials.gov up to February 2021. We summarized the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- approved medications, and we focused on the combined pharmacological treatments, related to the incretin hormones, currently in a clinical trial phase. We also assessed the mechanism of action and therapeutic utility of these novel hybrid peptides and potential interactions with other regulatory hormones that may have beneficial effects on obesity. As we improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity, we hope to identify more novel treatment strategies.

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Περισσότερες πληροφορίες στο σύνδεσμο «Προϋποθέσεις Εισαγωγής» του ιστοχώρου και στη γραμματεία του Δ.Π.Μ.Σ. (Μαρία Ρήγα, 210-7286298, e-mail: mrriga@med.uoa.gr).